f**o
发帖数: 12685 | 1 U.S. Military Proposes Challenge to China Sea Claims：
Moves would send Navy planes, ships near artificial islands built by China
in contested waters
One of China's reclamation projects on Mischief Reef in the Spratly Islands
in the South China Sea. PHOTO: ASSOCIATED PRESS
By ADAM ENTOUS, GORDON LUBOLD and JULIAN E. BARNES
Updated May 12, 2015 7:33 p.m. ET
142 COMMENTS
The U.S. military is considering using aircraft and Navy ships to directly
contest Chinese territorial claims to a chain of rapidly expanding
artificial islands, U.S. officials said, in a move that would raise the
stakes in a regional showdown over who controls disputed waters in the South
China Sea.
Defense Secretary Ash Carter has asked his staff to look at options that
include flying Navy surveillance aircraft over the islands and sending U.S.
naval ships to within 12 nautical miles of reefs that have been built up and
claimed by the Chinese in an area known as the Spratly Islands.
Such moves, if approved by the White House, would be designed to send a
message to Beijing that the U.S. won’t accede to Chinese territorial claims
to the man-made islands in what the U.S. considers to be international
waters and airspace.
The Pentagon’s calculation may be that the military planning, and any
possible deployments, would increase pressure on the Chinese to make
concessions over the artificial islands. But Beijing also could double down,
expanding construction in defiance of the U.S. and potentially taking steps
to further Chinese claims in the area.
The U.S. has said it doesn’t recognize the man-made islands as sovereign
Chinese territory. Nonetheless, military officials said, the Navy has so far
not sent military aircraft or ships within 12 nautical miles of the
reclaimed reefs to avoid escalating tensions.
RELATED COVERAGE
New Chinese Institute to Tackle Thorny Island Dispute (May 1)
As China Expands Navy, the U.S. Grows Wary (March 30)
China Expands Island Construction in Disputed South China Sea (Feb. 18)
If the U.S. challenges China’s claims using ships or naval vessels and
Beijing stands its ground, the result could escalate tensions in the region,
with increasing pressure on both sides to flex military muscle in the
disputed waters.
According to U.S. estimates, China has expanded the artificial islands in
the Spratly chain to as much as 2,000 acres of land, up from 500 acres last
year. Last month, satellite imagery from defense intelligence provider IHS
Jane’s showed China has begun building an airstrip on one of the islands,
which appears to be large enough to accommodate fighter jets and
surveillance aircraft.
The U.S. has used its military to challenge other Chinese claims Washington
considers unfounded. In November 2013, the U.S. flew a pair of B-52 bombers
over disputed islands in the East China Sea to contest an air identification
zone that Beijing had declared in the area.
Officials said there was now growing momentum within the Pentagon and the
White House for taking concrete steps in order to send Beijing a signal that
the recent buildup in the Spratlys went too far and needed to stop.
Chinese officials dismiss complaints about the island-building, saying
Beijing is entitled to undertake construction projects within its own
sovereign territory. They say the facilities will be used for military and
civilian purposes.
ENLARGE
“China has indisputable sovereignty over the Nansha Islands and their
adjacent waters,” said embassy spokesman Zhu Haiquan, using the Chinese
name for the Spratlys. “The relevant construction, which is reasonable,
justified and lawful, is well within China’s sovereignty. It does not
impact or target any country, and is thus beyond reproach.”
Mr. Zhu said that Beijing hopes that “relevant parties,” a reference to
the U.S. military and its regional allies, will “refrain from playing up
tensions or doing anything detrimental to security and mutual trust.”
China claims almost all of the South China Sea, one of the world’s busiest
shipping routes, and its efforts to enforce control of the area in recent
years have caused growing concern in the U.S. and in Asia, where several
nations have competing claims, including the Philippines, a U.S. ally.
U.S. military aircraft have repeatedly approached the 12-nautical-mile zone
declared by China around the built up reefs. But to avoid an escalation, the
planes haven’t penetrated the zone. A senior military official said the
flights “have kept a distance from the islands and remained near the 12-
mile mark.”
U.S. planes have flown close to the islands where the building has been
taking place, prompting Chinese military officers to radio the approaching U
.S. aircraft to notify the pilots that they are nearing Chinese sovereign
territory. In response, U.S. pilots have told the Chinese that they are
flying through international airspace.
The USS Fort Worth, a combat ship, has been operating in recent days in
waters near the Spratlys. “We’re just not going within the 12 miles—yet,
” a senior U.S. official said.
The military proposals haven’t been formally presented to the White House,
which would have to sign off on any change in the U.S. posture. The White
House declined to comment on the deliberations.
Officials said the issue is a complicated one because at least some of the
areas where the Chinese have been doing construction are, in eyes of the U.S
. government, legitimate islands, which would be entitled to a 12-nautical-
mile zone.
The proposal under consideration would be to send Navy ships and aircraft to
within 12 nautical miles of only those built-up sites that the U.S. doesn’
t legally consider to be islands, officials say.
CLOSE ENCOUNTERS
Over the years, U.S. vessels and aircraft have had several encounters with
Chinese assets, often arising from disagreements over Beijing’s territorial
claims.
March 2001 China orders an unarmed U.S. Navy survey ship out of waters in
the Yellow Sea, claiming a violation of its exclusive economic zone. The U.S
. disputed the claim, and days later the ship returned to the Yellow Sea
with an armed escort.
April 2001 A Chinese fighter collides with a U.S. Navy electronic
surveillance aircraft near China’s Hainan Island in the South China Sea,
forcing the EP-3 to make an emergency landing.
May 2003 Chinese fishing boats are used to bump the same U.S. Navy survey
ship involved in the 2001 incident, causing some damage.
March 2009 Chinese military and government ships surround a U.S. Navy
surveillance ship in the South China Sea in a disputed economic zone,
forcing the U.S. vessel to take evasive action. The Navy ship returned the
next day accompanied by a guided missile destroyer.
Nov. 2013 The U.S. flies a pair of B-52 bombers over disputed islands in the
East China Sea to contest Beijing’s air identification zone.
Dec. 2013 A Chinese ship blocks the path of a U.S. Navy cruiser, the Cowpens
, in the South China Sea, some distance from China’s aircraft carrier,
forcing the Cowpens to change course to avoid a collision.
Aug. 2014 a Chinese fighter conducted what U.S. officials said was a
dangerous intercept of a U.S. Navy maritime patrol aircraft that was flying
in international airspace about 135 miles east of Hainan Island.
Under the U.N. Convention on the Law of the Sea, reclaimed features aren’t
entitled to territorial waters if the original features are not islands
recognized under the agreement, U.S. officials say. Under that
interpretation, the U.S. believes it doesn’t need to honor the 12-mile zone
around the built-up reefs that weren’t considered to be islands before
construction there began.
Several U.S. allies in the region have been privately urging the White House
to do more to challenge Chinese behavior, warning Washington that U.S.
inaction in the South China Sea risked inadvertently reinforcing Beijing’s
territorial claims, U.S. officials said. Some allies in the region have, in
contrast, expressed concern to Washington that a change in the U.S.’s
approach could inadvertently draw them into a conflict.
“It’s important that everyone in the region have a clear understanding of
exactly what China is doing,” a U.S. official said. “We’ve got to get
eyes on.” The U.S. has been using satellites to monitor building at the
islands.
In recent months, the White House has sought to increase pressure on Beijing
to halt construction on the islands through diplomatic channels, as well as
by calling out the Chinese publicly in recent press briefings and
government reports.
The U.S. Navy regularly conducts “freedom of navigation transits” in the
region, including across the South China Sea. But the Navy has yet to
receive explicit authorization from the administration to do so within 12
nautical miles of the artificial islands.
John Kerry, the U.S. secretary of state, is due in Beijing this weekend to
make preparations for a visit to the U.S. in September by Chinese President
Xi Jinping, who has made improving military ties with the U.S. a top
priority.
A new standoff with China would add to mounting security crises facing the U
.S. in other regions.
Last year, after Russia seized Ukrainian territory, the White House imposed
sanctions on Moscow but so far has rebuffed Ukrainian requests for U.S.
weapons. In the Middle East, Islamic State militants took over large swaths
of Iraq last summer, prompting the U.S. to launch an air campaign against
the group.
The U.S. has long maintained that it doesn’t take sides in the territorial
disputes in the South China Sea, though it has a national interest in
maintaining freedom of navigation in the area. In the last year, though, U.S
. officials have stepped up its criticism of China’s efforts to enforce and
justify its claims in the region.
U.S. officials say they are concerned that a decision not to send naval
vessels into the zone would inadvertently help the Chinese build their own
case for sovereignty in the area.
Chinese coast guard vessels routinely sail within 12 nautical miles of the
Senkaku Islands, which are controlled by Tokyo but claimed by Beijing, which
calls them the Diaoyu.
U.S. officials say they believe China sends vessels into the Senkaku area in
the East China Sea because it wants to demonstrate to Tokyo and to others
that Beijing doesn’t recognize the islands as Japanese sovereign territory.
China’s claims include territorial seas stretching out 12 nautical miles
from all the Spratlys, where it controls seven reefs—all recently expanded
into artificial islands. Rival claimants occupy several other islands, reefs
and rocks.
Historical images from Google Earth and elsewhere reveal that reclamation
work at most of the Chinese held reefs began after President Xi took power
in 2012.
Much of the construction began in the past year, despite protests from
neighboring countries, warming military ties with Washington, and a new
Chinese drive to improve relations in its periphery.
U.S. officials say they have repeatedly asked China to stop the work, to no
avail.
—Jeremy Page contributed to this article.
Write to Adam Entous at [email protected]
/* */ and Julian E. Barnes at julian.
[email protected]
/* */
http://www.wsj.com/articles/u-s-military-proposes-challenge-to- |
l******t
发帖数: 55733 | |
f**o
发帖数: 12685 | 3 考验啥？
越南菲律宾拍的那些照片你看看有没有12海里？
猴子敢去，美帝去了也没啥稀奇。
我不支持开火，机场填完再说。
【在 l******t 的大作中提到】
: 考验来了
|
h****g
发帖数: 11365 | |
l******t
发帖数: 55733 | 5 没有
【在 f**o 的大作中提到】
: 考验啥？
: 越南菲律宾拍的那些照片你看看有没有12海里？
: 猴子敢去，美帝去了也没啥稀奇。
: 我不支持开火，机场填完再说。
|
f**o
发帖数: 12685 | |
l******t
发帖数: 55733 | |
p*********r
发帖数: 7944 | |
f**o
发帖数: 12685 | 9 那你麻痹说没有进来？
你这人发帖之前动脑子了吗？
【在 l******t 的大作中提到】
: 轰跑了
|
l****5
发帖数: 5865 | 10 其实我就纳闷了，为什么哪里都有美帝？南海离美帝这么远的距离，也要插一脚吗 |
|
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l******t
发帖数: 55733 | 11 这浅显的道理。要能随便进你美爹还发这篇干嘛
【在 f**o 的大作中提到】
: 那你麻痹说没有进来？
: 你这人发帖之前动脑子了吗？
|
f**o
发帖数: 12685 | 12 海军还是天下无敌的
【在 l****5 的大作中提到】
: 其实我就纳闷了，为什么哪里都有美帝？南海离美帝这么远的距离，也要插一脚吗
|
s*******g
发帖数: 689 | 13 南海东海的背后都是美帝，否则靠越南菲律宾日本的那点船，根本不是我鳖海警海军下
饺子的对手
我鳖的战略构想是把美帝挤出亚洲，跟门罗主义是一模一样的
【在 f**o 的大作中提到】
: 那你麻痹说没有进来？
: 你这人发帖之前动脑子了吗？
|
U*******n
发帖数: 824 | 14 那就抛光它国债，让剩下的几条船也退休
【在 f**o 的大作中提到】
: 海军还是天下无敌的
|
o****e
发帖数: 1232 | 15 中国要有那么NB首先就不会买美债。你以为美国求着中国买的？
【在 U*******n 的大作中提到】
: 那就抛光它国债，让剩下的几条船也退休
|
f**o
发帖数: 12685 | 16 他喜欢装疯卖傻
【在 o****e 的大作中提到】
: 中国要有那么NB首先就不会买美债。你以为美国求着中国买的？
|
y****o
发帖数: 1535 | |
j****i
发帖数: 68152 | 18 不是有渔船往美帝军舰周围抛掷木板吗？美帝军舰也不敢开炮。 |
f**o
发帖数: 12685 | 19 你领着狗粮装作五毛明舔实黑有用吗？
【在 l******t 的大作中提到】
: 这浅显的道理。要能随便进你美爹还发这篇干嘛
|
x****u
发帖数: 44466 | 20 和平时期美帝军舰本来也享有别国领海无害通过权。。。
想违反也容易，让航母过去搞一次演习，TG礁石上的雷达声纳就有得忙乎了。
【在 j****i 的大作中提到】
: 不是有渔船往美帝军舰周围抛掷木板吗？美帝军舰也不敢开炮。
|
|
|
c*********3
发帖数: 6862 | |
l****5
发帖数: 5865 | 22 美帝真是唯恐天下不乱啊
【在 f**o 的大作中提到】
: 海军还是天下无敌的
|
u*********r
发帖数: 7835 | 23 美帝黔驴技穷了，小弟不听话，只好自己赤膊上阵，问题是上了也没用，小弟们还是会
在后面帮忙推，不会主动冲的。
【在 l****5 的大作中提到】
: 美帝真是唯恐天下不乱啊
|
l****5
发帖数: 5865 | 24 自己在那里叫嚣呗
【在 u*********r 的大作中提到】
: 美帝黔驴技穷了，小弟不听话，只好自己赤膊上阵，问题是上了也没用，小弟们还是会
: 在后面帮忙推，不会主动冲的。
|
f**o
发帖数: 12685 | |
t****a
发帖数: 3544 | 26 美帝要是真倒了， 小弟们立马跟着土工去加勒比海挖石油
【在 u*********r 的大作中提到】
: 美帝黔驴技穷了，小弟不听话，只好自己赤膊上阵，问题是上了也没用，小弟们还是会
: 在后面帮忙推，不会主动冲的。
|
t****n
发帖数: 10724 | |
c*********l
发帖数: 2893 | 28 这发炎人真缺心眼，人造岛即没有领海，也不能所要专属经济区。
【在 f**o 的大作中提到】
: 撕逼了撕逼了！
|
l***o
发帖数: 7937 | 29 交部没说如果来了怎么办？只是要美方予以澄清。
意思是说，给我点面子好吗？好歹我也是十三亿屁民的老大。LOL
【在 f**o 的大作中提到】
: 撕逼了撕逼了！
|
d****a
发帖数: 3087 | 30 土共建好岛，发展渔业，挖石油，移民是正道。军事能对付周围小国就行。这个世界还
不是打仗的时候。谁打谁倒霉。 |
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l***o
发帖数: 7937 | 31 叔觉得打打对双方都不错。放军借此机会向屁民展示是可造之师，不是只会踢正步。
【在 d****a 的大作中提到】
: 土共建好岛，发展渔业，挖石油，移民是正道。军事能对付周围小国就行。这个世界还
: 不是打仗的时候。谁打谁倒霉。
|
s*x
发帖数: 8041 | 32 谁规定的？
【在 c*********l 的大作中提到】
: 这发炎人真缺心眼，人造岛即没有领海，也不能所要专属经济区。
|
t****n
发帖数: 10724 | 33 你shi怎么想出来的?
"和平时期美帝军舰本来也享有别国领海无害通过权"
【在 x****u 的大作中提到】
: 和平时期美帝军舰本来也享有别国领海无害通过权。。。
: 想违反也容易，让航母过去搞一次演习，TG礁石上的雷达声纳就有得忙乎了。
|
k*******g
发帖数: 7321 | 34 尼玛TG真没出息，怎么TG驱逐舰就不能到珍珠港外12海里航行一下呢！ |
t****n
发帖数: 10724 | 35 中国确实没有侵略性， 美国日本老害怕，为什么？
【在 k*******g 的大作中提到】
: 尼玛TG真没出息，怎么TG驱逐舰就不能到珍珠港外12海里航行一下呢！
|
p******o
发帖数: 9007 | |
c***T
发帖数: 4990 | 37 奥巴马和习近平都同意你的"觉得"吗?
【在 l***o 的大作中提到】
: 叔觉得打打对双方都不错。放军借此机会向屁民展示是可造之师，不是只会踢正步。
|
h*********n
发帖数: 11319 | 38 日本为了方便美国爸爸“无害通过"，特地在大隅海峡把自己的领海减少到3海里, 把海
峡中间变成了国际水道
可见就算是美国日本的关系，也还是不能从领海“无害通过”的
【在 t****n 的大作中提到】
: 你shi怎么想出来的?
: "和平时期美帝军舰本来也享有别国领海无害通过权"
|
f**o
发帖数: 12685 | 39 津軽海峡
【在 h*********n 的大作中提到】
: 日本为了方便美国爸爸“无害通过"，特地在大隅海峡把自己的领海减少到3海里, 把海
: 峡中间变成了国际水道
: 可见就算是美国日本的关系，也还是不能从领海“无害通过”的
|
b********n
发帖数: 38600 | 40 The Chinese really don't want a conflict with the U.S. - at least not yet.
They are very patient and deliberate in their preparations to progressively
take their place on the global stage.
But if you push them, or rather corner them, all bets are off on that
patience and forbearance. The U.S. will only succeed in rewriting China's
calculations, making conflict between the two powers more likely, not less.
The Chinese will conclude that if they don't act militarily, they'll be
stuffed back into the proverbial bottle for decades. That would carry its
own enormous cost for China.
So be very careful what you do and how far you push China, you paragons of
wisdom in the Pentagon, State Dept. and White House....can you imagine World
War in Eastern Europe, the Middle East and South China Sea with Russia-
China and their allies on one side and the U.S., EU and Japan on the other,
and the Middle East in total disarray without being able to figger out who's
on what side there?
I think it's coming - I'd give it 2 or 3 years max before it arrives. |
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c*****a
发帖数: 1638 | 41 这个是常识好不好
如果真的可以造岛就可以圈海，美国人早把太平洋全占了，还轮到中国。
只有天然岛屿可以作为领土地标。
后来填的都不算
即使是岛，后来填的部分也不算，就算把原来的岛再填出去12海里，经济区也是从没开
始填的那个地方开始算的。比如荷兰那么造地，搞来搞去也不能改他的海线。
【在 s*x 的大作中提到】
: 谁规定的？
|
c***T
发帖数: 4990 | 42 谁强谁说了算。
规矩都是人定的。
【在 c*****a 的大作中提到】
: 这个是常识好不好
: 如果真的可以造岛就可以圈海，美国人早把太平洋全占了，还轮到中国。
: 只有天然岛屿可以作为领土地标。
: 后来填的都不算
: 即使是岛，后来填的部分也不算，就算把原来的岛再填出去12海里，经济区也是从没开
: 始填的那个地方开始算的。比如荷兰那么造地，搞来搞去也不能改他的海线。
|
